Technical Electronics Engineering Dictionary
"A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M",
"N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z"

"I" to Inc, "Ind" to Inj, "Inp" to Ins, "Int", "Inv" to Iz

Integrated Circuit. [IC] A circuit in which many elements are fabricated and interconnected by a single process (into a single chip), as opposed to a "non-integrated" circuit in which the transistors, diodes, resistors, and other components are fabricated separately and then assembled. Elements inseparably associated and formed on or within a single substrate.

Integrated Circuit with an internal view
Integrated Circuit Cut-away view

Integrated Digital Network. [IDN] A network that uses both digital transmission and digital switching.

Integrator. A circuit that performs an integration on the input signal. The circuit example shows an Operational Amplifier used as an integrator. For reference, Companies making Op-Amps. The output taken from a capacitor in a simple RC circuit.

Intensity (of Sound). The measurement of the amplitude of sound energy. Generally synonymous with loudness.

Interaction Space. The region in an electron tube where the electrons interact with an alternating electromagnetic field.

Interelectrode Capacitance. The capacitance between the electrodes of an electron tube.

Interface. The transition between one system or circuit and another. Example SCSI Interface between a host [controller] and a peripheral. The interconnecting link between systems.

Interface Standard. A standard that describes one or more functional characteristics (such as code conversion, line assignments, or protocol compliance) or physical characteristics (such as electrical, mechanical, or optical characteristics) necessary to allow the exchange of information between two or more systems or equipment.

Interference. Any disturbance that produces an undesirable response or degrades a signal. Any unwanted radio frequency signal. In general, extraneous energy, from natural or man-made sources, that impedes the reception of desired signals.

Interference Coupling. Interference resulting from signals transferring or coupling between circuits.

Interleaving. The transmission of pulses from two or more digital sources in time-division sequence over a single path.

Interlock. An interlock is an automatic switch which eliminates all power from the equipment when an access door, cover or plate is removed.

Intermediate Frequency. [IF] A frequency to which a carrier frequency is shifted as an intermediate step in transmission or reception. A lower frequency to which an RF echo is converted for ease of amplification.

Intermediate Power Amplifier. The amplifier between the oscillator and final power amplifier.

Intermittent. Occurring at an uncontrolled or unpredictable rate.

Intermodulation. [IM] The production, in a nonlinear element of a system, of frequencies corresponding to the sum and difference frequencies of the fundamentals and harmonics thereof that are transmitted through the element.

Intermodulation Distortion. Nonlinear distortion characterized by the appearance, in the output of a device, of frequencies that are linear combinations of the fundamental frequencies and all harmonics present in the input signals. Distortion caused by the interaction of two or more frequencies resulting in erroneous information transmission.

Intermodulation Noise. In a transmission path or device, noise, generated during modulation and demodulation, that results from nonlinear characteristics in the path or device.

Interpoles. Small auxiliary poles, placed between main field poles, whose magnetic field opposes the armature field and cancels armature reaction. Interpoles accomplish the same thing as compensating windings.

Interrupt. A suspension of a process, such as the execution of a computer program, caused by an event external to that process, and performed in such a way that the process can be resumed. A break in the normal flow of a program, caused by an external signal that requires attention.

Interrupter. A device used to interrupt the flow of current.

Intersection Law. In Boolean algebra, the law which states that if one input to an AND gate is already TRUE, then the output will depend upon the state of the other inputs only.

Intersymbol Interference. [ISI] In a digital transmission system, distortion of the received signal, which distortion is manifested in the temporal spreading and consequent overlap of individual pulses to the degree that the receiver cannot reliably distinguish between changes of state, between individual signal elements. [Federal Standard 1037]

Intrinsic Failure Rate. The intrinsic failure rate is usually defined by the Failure-In-Time (FIT), a FIT being 1 failure in 1 billion device hours of operation.

 
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