Communication Definitions
"A" to :Asc", "Asy" to "Bc", "Be" to "Bi",
"Bl" to "Cz", "D" to "E", "F" to "L",
"M" to "Mod", "Mu" to "Nu", "O" to "Z"

Data transmission circuit: The transmission media and the intervening equipment used for the transfer of data between data terminal equipments (DTEs). A data transmission circuit includes any required signal conversion equipment. A data transmission circuit may transfer information in (a) one direction only, (b) either direction but one way at a time, or (c) both directions simultaneously.

De-jitterizer: A device that reduces jitter in a digital signal. A dejitterizer usually consists of an elastic buffer in which the signal is temporarily stored and then retransmitted at a rate based on the average rate of the incoming signal. A dejitterizer is usually ineffective in dealing with low-frequency jitter, such as waiting-time jitter. Also see Jitter definition.

Digroup: Abbreviation for digital group. In telephony, a basic digital multiplexing group. Note In the North American and Japanese T-carrier digital hierarchies, each digroup supports 12 PCM voice channels or their equivalent in other services. The DS1 line rate (2 digroups plus overhead bits) is 1.544 Mb/s, supporting 24 voice channels or their equivalent in other services. Note In the European hierarchy, each digroup supports 15 PCM channels or their equivalent in other services. The DS1 line rate (2 di-groups plus overhead bits) is 2.048 Mb/s, supporting 30 voice channels or their equivalent in other services.

Duplex circuit: A circuit that permits transmission in both directions. Note: For simultaneous two-way transmission, see full-duplex circuit.

Effective transmission rate: The rate at which information is processed by a transmission facility. The effective transmission rate is calculated as (a) the measured number of units of data, such as bits, characters, blocks, or frames, transmitted during a significant measurement time interval divided by (b) the measurement time interval. The effective transmission rate is usually expressed as a number of units of data per unit time, such as bits per second or characters per second. Synonyms average rate of transmission, effective speed of transmission.

Encapsulation: In open systems, the technique used by layered protocols in which a lower layer protocol accepts a message from a higher layer protocol and places it in the data portion of a frame in the lower layer.

Encode: To convert data by the use of a code, frequently one consisting of binary numbers, in such a manner that reconversion to the original form is possible. To Convert plain text to equivalent cipher text by means of a code. To append redundant check symbols to a message for the purpose of generating an error detection and correction code.

End-Of-Transmission character (EOT): A transmission control character used to indicate the conclusion of a transmission that may have included one or more texts and any associated message headings. Note: An EOT is often used to initiate other functions, such as releasing circuits, disconnecting terminals, or placing receive terminals in a standby condition.

Ethernet: A standard protocol (IEEE 802.3) for a 10- Mb/s baseband local area network (LAN) bus using carrier-sense multiple access with collision detection (CSMA/CD) as the access method, implemented at the Physical Layer in the ISO Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model, establishing the physical characteristics of a CSMA/CD network. Note 1: Ethernet is a standard for using various transmission media, such as coaxial cables, unshielded twisted pairs, and optical fibers. Note 2: The IEEE-802.3 standard is based on a proprietary product with a similar name. [Ethernet Interface Description]

Eye pattern: An oscilloscope display in which a pseudorandom digital data signal from a receiver is repetitively sampled and applied to the vertical input, while the data rate is used to trigger the horizontal sweep. Note: System performance information can be derived by analyzing the display. An open eye pattern corresponds to minimal signal distortion. Distortion of the signal waveform due to intersymbol interference and noise appears as closure of the eye pattern.

 
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